Shows I/O errors in /var/log/messages, dmesg indicates that something is wrong with the hard disk and it may be failing.
You can check hard disk errors using smartctl command, which is control and monitor utility for SMART disks under Linux / UNIX like operating systems.
Some Device does not support SMART, you can check S.M.A.R.T has enabled or not using the following syntax.
root@tester [~]# smartctl -i /dev/sda
smartctl version 5.38 [x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/
Device: IBM ServeRAID M5015 Version: 2.12
Serial number: 0060519a15558e94160054a603b00506
Device type: disk
Local Time is: Thu May 3 06:11:30 2012 CEST
Device does not support SMART
You need to enable the smart in the BIOS to monitor with it.
root@tester [~]# smartctl -s on /dev/sda
smartctl 5.39.1 2010-01-28 r3054 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
Smartctl open device: /dev/sda0 failed: No such device
root@tester [~]# smartctl -s on /dev/sda
smartctl 5.39.1 2010-01-28 r3054 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===
SMART Enabled.
The command example below show another example of smartctl command that can be use to enable SMART monitoring tool on the disk device.
[root@tester ~]# smartctl --smart=on --offlineauto=on --saveauto=on /dev/sda
root@tester [~]# smartctl -t short /dev/sda
smartctl 5.39.1 2010-01-28 r3054 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 1 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Thu May 3 11:37:28 2012
Use smartctl -X to abort test.
root@tester [~]# smartctl -t long /dev/sda
smartctl 5.39.1 2010-01-28 r3054 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF OFFLINE IMMEDIATE AND SELF-TEST SECTION ===
Sending command: "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode".
Drive command "Execute SMART Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode" successful.
Testing has begun.
Please wait 111 minutes for test to complete.
Test will complete after Thu May 3 13:28:08 2012
Use smartctl -X to abort test.
Check the health status of the hard drive using the following command.
root@tester [~]# smartctl -H /dev/sda
smartctl 5.39.1 2010-01-28 r3054 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Please note the following marginal Attributes:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 046 041 045 Old_age Always In_the_past 54 (4 241 54 53)
The following will provide even more information about failing hard disk:
root@tester [~]# smartctl --attributes --log=selftest /dev/sda
smartctl 5.39.1 2010-01-28 r3054 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_ FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 120 100 006 Pre-fail Always - 239201408
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 098 098 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 7
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 069 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 7727839
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 1068
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 11
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 046 041 045 Old_age Always In_th e_past 54 (4 241 54 53)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 7
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 094 094 000 Old_age Always - 13964
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 054 059 000 Old_age Always - 54 (0 24 0 0)
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 81651623264916
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 174738791963
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 8629080254
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA _of_first_error
# 1 Extended offline Self-test routine in progress 90% 1068 -
# 2 Short offline Aborted by host 30% 1068 -
You can disable the smart using the following command.
root@tester [~]# smartctl -s off /dev/sda
smartctl 5.39.1 2010-01-28 r3054 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===
SMART Disabled. Use option -s with argument 'on' to enable it.
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